2 Kings

2 Kings 21:10-12(NKJV)

And the LORD Spoke by His servants the prophets, saying, Because Manasseh king of Judah has done these abominations (he has acted more wickedly than all the Amorites who were before him. and has also made Judah sin with his idols), therefore thus says the LORD God of Israel: 'Behold, I am bringing such calamity upon Jerusalem and Judah. that whoever hears of it, both his ears will tingle.

Author

• The author of 1st and 2nd Kings is unknown but the writing if these two books are attributed to Jeremiah
• Jeremiah is also called the weeping prophet. 

Date

• 560-538 B.C.

Theme

• Lessons from the ruin of Israel and Judah
• Disobedience and Rebellion bring Captivity and Bondage

Purpose

• The apostasy of the divided kingdom brings captivity and bondage. 
• Judgment on the kingdom of Israel came through Assyria
• Judgment on the kingdom of Judah through Babylon. 
• The kingdoms experience short periods of revival under the rule of godly kings.

Content

• Elijah and Elisha: 2 Kings 1:1-8:15
• 2 Kings 2:9(NKJV) And so it was, when they had crossed over, that Eljah said to Elisha, "Ask! What may I do for you, before I am taken away from you?" Elisha said, "Please let a double portion of your spirit be upon me."
• Kings of Israel and Judah: 2 Kings 8:16-17:6

• Israel Captive to Assyria: 2 Kings 17:7-41
• 2 Kings 17:6-9(NKJV) In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria took Samaria and carried Israel away to Assyria, and placed them in Halah and by the Habor, the River of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. For so it was that the children of Israel had sinned against the Lord their God, who had brought them up out of the land of Egypt, from under the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and they had feared other gods, 8 and had walked in the statutes of the nations whom the Lord had cast out from before the children of Israel, and of the kings of Israel, which they had made. 9 Also the children of Israel secretly did against the Lord their God things that were not right, and they built for themselves [a]high places in all their cities, from watchtower to fortified city.
• Judah Survives Assyrian Rule: 2 Kings 18:1-23:37
• 2 Kings 18:1-7(NKJV) Now it came to pass in the third year of Hoshea the son of Elah, king of Israel, that Hezekiah the son of Ahaz, king of Judah, began to reign. 2 He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Abi the daughter of Zechariah. And he did what was right in the sight of the Lord, according to all that his father David had done. He removed the [b]high places and broke the sacred pillars, cut down the [c]wooden image and broke in pieces the bronze serpent that Moses had made; for until those days the children of Israel burned incense to it, and called it Nehushtan.  He trusted in the Lord God of Israel, so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Judah, nor who were before him. 6 For he held fast to the Lord; he did not depart from following Him, but kept His commandments, which the Lord had commanded Moses.  The Lord was with him; he prospered wherever he went. And he rebelled against the king of Assyria and did not serve him.
• Judah Captive to Babylon: 2 Kings 24:1-25:30
• 2 Kings 24:8-12(NKJV) Jehoiachin was eighteen years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. His mother’s name was Nehushta the daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem. And he did evil in the sight of the Lord, according to all that his father had done. At that time the servants of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up against Jerusalem, and the city was besieged.  And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came against the city, as his servants were besieging it. Then Jehoiachin king of Judah, his mother, his servants, his princes, and his officers went out to the king of Babylon; and the king of Babylon, in the eighth year of his reign, took him prisoner.

Christ In 2nd Kings

• Elijah the forerunner for Christ
• Elisha as a type of Christ

John 14:12(NKJV)

Most assuredly, I say to you, he who believes in Me, the works that I do he will do also; and greater works than these he will do, because I go to My Father.

Return to 1 Kings

Old Testament Survery

Site Map

1 Kings

1 Kings 18:21(NKJV)

And Elijah came to all the people, and said, "How long will you falter between two opinions? If the Lord is God, follow Him; but if Baal, follow him." But the people answered him not a word.

Author

• The author of 1st and 2nd Kings is unknown but the writing if these two books are attributed to Jeremiah

Date

• 560-538 B.C.

Theme

• Lessons from the divided kingdom

Purpose

• The books of 1 and 2 Kings originally existed as one volume in the original Hebrew text. 
• These books cover the history of the Israelites from the death of King David to the captivity of Judah. 
• King David is presented as the good example and King Jeroboam as a bad example of godly leadership. 
• 1 Kings covers the reign of Solomon through the reign of Jehoshaphat and Ahaziah.
• Solomon's name means peace

Content

• The Reign of Solomon: 1 Kings 1:1-11:43
• 1 Kings 1:37(NKJV) As the LORD has been with my lord the king, even so may He be with Solomon, and make his throne greater than the throne of my lord King David.
• The Prayer of Solomon
• 1 Kings 3:5-9(NKJV) At Gibeon the LORD appeared to Solomon in a dream by night; and God said, "Ask! What shall I give you?" And Solomon said: "You have shown great mercy to Your servant David my father, because he walked before You in truth, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart with You; You have continued this great kindness for him, and You have given him a son to sit on his throne, as it is this day. Now, O LORD My God, You have made Your servant king instead of my father David, but I am a little child: I do not know how to go out or come in. And Your servant is in the midst of Your people whom You have chosen, a great people, too numerous to be numbered or counted. Therefore, give to Your servant an understanding heart to judge Your people, that I may discern between good and evil. For who is able to judge this great people of Yours?"
• Solomon's Wisdom: 
• 1 Kings 4:29-30(NKJV) And God gave Solomon wisdom and exceedingly great understanding, and largeness of heart like the sand on the seashore. Thus, Solomon's wisdom excelled the wisdom of all the men of the East and all the wisdom of Egypt.
• Solomon Builds the Temple
• 1 Kings 6:1(NKJV) And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel had come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD.
• Solomon Turns His Heart from the Lord
• 1 Kings 11:1-4(NKJV) But King Solomon loved many foreign women, as well as the daughter of Pharaoh: women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites from the nations of whom the LORD had said to the children of Israel, "You shall not intermarry with them, nor they with you. Surely, they will turn away your hearts after their gods." Solomon clung to these in love. And he had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines; and his wives turned away his heart. For it was so, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned his heart after other gods; and his heart was not loyal to the LORD his God, as was the heart of his father David.
• Deuteronomy 17:14-17(NKJV) When you come to the land which the LORD your God is giving you, and possess it and dwell in it, and say, "I will set a king over me like all the nations that are around me,' you shall surely set a king over you whom the LORD your God chooses; one from among your brethren you shall set as king over you; you may not set a foreigner over you, who is not your brother. But he shall not multiply horses for himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt to multiply horses, for the LORD has said to you, you shall not return that way again. Neither shall he multiply wives for himself, lest his heart turn away; nor shall he greatly multiply silver and gold for himself.
• Rehoboam and Jeroboam: 1 Kings 12:1-14:30
• The Divided Kingdom
• Rehoboam
• Judah the Southern Kingdom
• Judah, Benjamin, Levites
• Jeroboam
• Israel the Northern Kingdom
• The other 10 Tribes
• Kings of Israel and Judah: 1 Kings 15:1-16:34

• Elijah and Ahab: 1 Kings 17:1-19:21
• Elijha's Mount Carmel Victory: 1 Kings 18:20-46
• 1 Kings 18:21 And Elijah came to all the people, and said, “How long will you falter between two opinions? If the Lord is God, follow Him; but if Baal, follow him.” But the people answered him not a word.
• Elijah and Elisha
• 1 Kings 19:19 So he departed from there, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he was with the twelfth. Then Elijah passed by him and threw his mantle on him.
• Ahab and Jezebel 1Kings 20:1-22:53
• 1 Kings 21:7 Then Jezebel his wife said to him, “You now exercise authority over Israel! Arise, eat food, and let your heart be cheerful; I will give you the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.”

Christ in the 1st Kings

• The Need for King Jesus
• The queen of the South will rise up in the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and indeed a greater than Solomon is here.
• Elijah the Forerunner for Christ
• Matthew 11:13-14:  For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. And if you are willing to receive it, he is Elijah who is to come.

Return to 2 Samuel 

Proceed to 2 Kings

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the book of 2 Samuel

2nd Samuel

2 Samuel 7:12-13(NKJV)

When your days are fulfilled and you rest with your fathers, I will set up your seed after you, who will come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.

Acts 13:22(NKJV)

And When He had removed him. He raised up for them David as king, to whom also He gave testimony and said, "I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after My Own heart, who will do all My will."

 Author

• The author of the book of 2 Samuel is uncertain. Samuel probably wrote portions of the book. It is possible that Abiathar the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Gad the seer also contributed to this book.

Date

• Between 931 - 722 B.C.

Theme

• King David the forerunner of the Messiah

Purpose

• The book of 2 Samuel describes the history of the forty-year period of David's reign over the nation of Israel. 
• The first portion of the book (chapters 1-4) describes his reign over Judah and the remaining chapters (5-24) his reign over all of Israel. 
• Chapters 1-10 show David's triumphs and chapters 11-24 his troubles.

Content

• David Appointed King of Judah: 2 Samuel 1:1-4:12
• 2 Samuel 2:4(NKJV) Then the men of Judah came, and there they anointed David king over the house of Judah...
• 1 Kings 2:11(NKJV) The period that David reigned over Israel was forty years; seven years he reigned in Hebron, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years.
• David's Kingship: 2 Samuel 5:1-24:25
• 2 Samuel 5:3(NKJV) Therefore, all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and King David made a covenant with them at Hebron before the LORD. And they anointed David king over Israel.
• 2 Samuel 5:12(NKJV) So David knew that the LORD had established him as king over Israel, and that He had exalted His kingdom for the sake of His people Israel. David's Reign as King
• David's Reign as King

David defeats the Philistines	2 Samuel 5:17-25
David brings the Ark to Jerusalem	2 Samuel 6:1-23
David's desire to build a temple/Covenant	2 Samuel 7:1-29
David's conquering and kindness	2 Samuel 8:1-10:19
David and Bathsheba	2 Samuel 11:1-27
David and Nathan the prophet	2 Samuel 12:1-25
Amnon and Tamar	2 Samuel 13:1-22
David and Absalom	2 Samuel 13:23-18:33
David's final years as King	2 Samuel 19:1-24:25

• Christ in the book of 2 Samuel
• King David the forerunner for the Messiah
• 2 Samuel 7:12-13(NKJV) When your days are fulfilled and you rest with your fathers, I will set up your seed after you, who will come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.
• Revelation 22:16(NKJV) "I, Jesus, have sent My angel to testify to you these things in the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, the Bright and Morning Star."
• David's combining of the offices of prophet, priest, and king speak of Jesus as our Prophet, Priest, and King of Kings

Return to 1 Samuel

Proceed to 1 Kings

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

1 Samuel

1 Samuel

1 Samuel 3:19-20(NKJV)

So, Samuel grew, and the LORD Was with him and let none of his words fall to the

ground. And all Israel from Dan to Beersheba knew that Samuel had been established as a

prophet of the LORD.

Samuel was a Judge, a Prophet, and a Priest

Author

• The author of the book of 1 Samuel is uncertain. It was probably written by Samuel and Abiathar the priest.

Date

• The book of 1 Samuel covers a period of time of about 140 years beginning with the birth of Samuel and ending with the death of Saul.
• Written between 931-722 B.C.

Theme

• God's work in the history of Israel

Purpose

• The book of 1 Samuel describes the transition from the rule of Judges to the appointment of Kings. 
• The three main characters in this book are Samuel, Saul, and David. 
• Originally 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel were together as one book.

Content

• Eli the Priest & Judge/ The Birth of Samuel: 1 Samuel 1:1-4:22

• Hannah wept bitterly for a son and Eli spoke that God had granted her petition (1 Samuel 1:17). She dedicated Samuel to the work of the Lord.
• 1 Samuel 1:18(NKJV) And she said, "Let your maidservant find favor in your sight." So the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.
• The Corruption of Eli's sons
• 1 Samuel 3:12, 13(NKJV) In that day I will perform against Eli all that I have spoken concerning his house, from beginning to end. For I have told him that I will judge his house forever for the iniquity which he knows, because his sons made themselves vile. and he did not restrain them. 
• The death of Eli and his sons and the capture of the Ark of Covenant
• 1 Samuel 4:19(NKJV) Now his daughter-in-law, Phinehas' wife, was with child, due to be delivered; and when she heard the news that the ark of God was captured, and that her father-in-law and her husband were dead, she bowed herself and gave birth, for her labor pains came upon her.
• 1 Samuel 4:21(NKJV) Then she named the child lchabod, saying, "The glory has departed from Israel!" because the ark of God had been captured and because of her father-in-law and her husband.

• Samuel the Leader:1 Samuel 5:1-8:22

• The return of the Ark 
• 1 Samuel 6:11-12(NKJV) And they set the ark of the LORD on the cart, and the chest with the gold rats and the images of their tumors. Then the cows headed straight for the road to Beth Shemesh, and went along the highway, lowing as they went, and did not turn aside to the right hand or the left. And the lords of the Philistines went after them to the border of Beth Shemesh.

• Samuel's sone walk in disobedience
• 1 Samuel 8:1(NKJV) Now it came to pass when Samuel was old that he made his sons judges Over Israel.
• 1 Samuel 8:3(NKJV) But his sons did not walk in his ways; they turned aside after dishonest gain, took bribes, and perverted justice.
• 1 Samuel 8:4, 5(NKJV) Then all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel at Ramah, and said to him, "Look, you are old, and your sons do not walk in your ways. Now make us a king to judge us like all the nations."

• Saul the First King: 1 Samuel 9:1-15:35
• King after the flesh
• 1 Samuel 9:1-2(NKJV) There was a man of Benjamin whose name was Kish the son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Bechorath, the son of Aphiah, a Benjamite, a mighty man of power. And he had a choice and handsome son whose name was Saul. There was not a more handsome person than he among the children of Israel. From his shoulders upward he was taller than any of the people.
• 1 Samuel 15:1(NKJV) Samuel also said to Saul, "The LORD Sent me to anoint you king over His people, over Israel. Now therefore, heed the voice of the words of the LORD.

• Saul's disobedience was not killing all of the Amalekites and sparing King Agag
• 1 Samuel 15:26(NKJV) But Samuel said to Saul, will not return with you, for you have rejected the word of the LORD, and the LORD has rejected you from being king over Israel."

• David the Second King and Saul: 1 Samuel 16:1-30:31

1 Samuel 16:7(NKJV)

But the LORD said to Samuel, "Do not look at his appearance or at his physical

stature, because l have refused him. For the LORD does not see as man sees; for man

looks at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart."

1 Samuel 16:13(NKJV)

Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers; and

the Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel arose and went

to Ramah.

• Major Events 
• David kills Goliath 1 Samuel 17
• Saul becomes jealous of David 
• David's friendship with Jonathan (Saul's son)
• David flees from Saul

•  Death of Saul: 1 Samuel 31:1-13
• Saul's death in the battle against the Philistines
• 1 Samuel 31:6(NKJV) So, Saul, his three sons, his armorbearer. and all his men died together that same day.

• Christ in the Book of 1 Samuel
• Samuel as a type of Christ
• Both were promised children
• Samuel was a Judge, a Prophet, and a Priest compared to the fact that was Jesus is a Prophet, the High Priest, and the King
• David's kingdom of the lineage of Christ's kingdom
• David as a shepherd and Jesus as the Chief Shepherd

Return to the book of Ruth

Proceed to 2 Samuel

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the Book of Ruth

Ruth

Ruth 3:13(NKJV)

Stay this night, and in the morning it shall be that if he will perfom the duty of a close

relative (kinsman-redeemer) for yo-good; let him do it. But if he does not want to

perform the duty for you, then I will perform the duty for you, as the LORD lives! Lie down

until morning."

Author

• The author for the book of Ruth is unknown. Jewish tradition ascribes it to Samuel

Date

• Ruth 1:1(NKJV) Now it came to pass, in the days when the judges ruled, that there was a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem, Judah, went to dwell in the country of Moab, he and his wife and his two sons.
• The days when the judges ruled
• Different beliefs on the date (1150-1100 B.C.) or (1050-1 000 B.C.)

Theme

• God's sovereign intervention brings universal redemption
• Kinsman-redeemer

Purpose

• The book of Ruth is written to demonstrate the sovereignty, mercy, and love of God. It begins with famine, death, and loss but ends in redemption and fruitfulness. 
• The book of Ruth was historically read during the Feast of Harvest because much of the story takes place during the harvesting of barley.

Content

• Naomi's Departure and Return: Ruth 1:1-22
• Ruth 1:1(NKJV)Now it came to pass, in the days when the judges ruled, that there was a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem, Judah, went to dwell in the country of Moab, he and his wife and his two Sons.
• Ruth 1:6(NKJV) Then she arose with her daughters-in-law that she might return from the country of Moab, for she had heard in the country of Moab that the LORD had visited His people by giving them bread.
• "Visited His People means that God came to the aid of His People
• Ruth 1:22(NKJV) So, Naomi returned, and Ruth the Moabitess her daughter-in-law with her, who returned from the country of Moab. Now they came to Bethlehem at the beginning of barley harvest.
• Ruth the Young Moabite: Ruth 2:1-3:18
• Ruth 2:6(NKJV) So, the servant who was in charge of the reapers answered and said, "It is the young Moabite woman who came back with Naomi from the country of Moab.
• Boaz Redeems Ruth: Ruth 4:1-22
• Ruth 4:13(NKJV) So, Boaz took Ruth, and she became his wife; and when he went in to her, the LORD gave her conception, and she bore a son.
• Christ in the Book of Ruth
• Boaz as a type of Christ functioning in the role of the kinsman-redeemer paying the full price of freedom
• Jesus turning our mourning into dancing
• Bitterness into Better-ness
• Ruth a Moabite in the genealogy of Jesus (Matthew 1:5) GrOld Testament Survey eat-Grandmother of David

Proceed to 1 Samuel

Return to the Book of Judges

Proceed to the Book of 1 Samuel 

Site Map

Overview of the Book of Judges

Judges

Judges 2:7-10 (NKJV)

So, the people served the LORD all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders

who outlived Joshua, who had seen all the great works of the Lord Which He had done

for Israel. Now Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the LORD, died when he was one hundred

and ten years old. And they buried him within the border of his inheritance at Timnathheres, in the

mountains of Ephraim, on the north side of Mount Gaash. When all that generation had been gathered to their fathers, another generation arose after them who did not know the LORD nor the work which He had done for Israel.

Judges 2:16 (NKJV)

Nevertheless, the LORD raised up judges who delivered them out of the hand of

those who plundered them.

1. Author

• The author is unknown
• It is believed that Samuel wrote a portion of the book of Judges

2. Date

• About 1050-1000 B.C.

3. Theme

• Disobedience brings oppression
• Repentance
• God's Provision of Deliverance

4. Purpose

• The book of Judges tells of the history of the Israelites from the death of Joshua until the ministry of Samuel (approximately 350 years).
•  During this time the people repeatedly turned from following God. Their disobedience brought bondage and oppression. 
• God raised up fifteen Judges to bring deliverance to His people. The best-known Judges are Deborah, Gideon, and Samson. 
• The book of Judges covers 13 of the 15 Judges.

5. Content

• Condition of the Israelites: Judges 1:1-3:6

Judges 2:17-18(NKJV)

Yet they would not listen to their judges, but they played the harlot with other gods,

and bowed down to them. They turned quickly from the way in which their fathers walked,

in obeying the commandments of the LORD; they did not do so. And when the LORD raised up judges for them, the LORD Was with the judge and delivered them out of the hand of their enemies all the days of the judge; for the LORD Was moved to pity by their groaning because of those who oppressed them and harassed them.

• Ruling Judges: Judges 3:7-16:31

Judge	Reference	Judge	Reference
Othniel	Judges 3:7-11	Jair	Judges 10:3-5
Ehud (the only left-handed judge)	Judges 3:12-30	Jephthah	Judges 10:6-12:7
Shamgar	Judges 3:31	Ibzan	Judges 12:8-10
Deborah	Judges 4:1-5:31	Elon	Judges 12:11-12
Gideon	Judges 9:1-57	Samson	Judges 13-16
Tola	Judges 10:1-2

• Idolatry and Civil War: Judges 17:1-21:25
• The worship of foreign gods (Judges 17-18)
• The attack on the tribe of Benjamin because of the Levite's concubine (Judges 19-21)

6. Christ in the book of Judges

• Christ as our deliver and righteous judge

2 Timothy 4:8(NKJV)

Finally, there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the

righteous Judge, will give to me on that Day, and not to me only but also to all who have

loved His appearing.

Acts 17:31(NKJV)

because He has appointed a day on which He will judge the world in righteousness by

the Man whom He has ordained. He has given assurance of this to all by raising Him from

the dead. 

Proceed to Ruth

Return to the Book of Joshua

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the Book of Joshua

Joshua

Joshua 1:1-3(NKJV)

"Ater the death of Moses the servant of the LORD, it came to pass that the LORD

spoke to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' assistant, saying:

"Moses My servant is dead. Now, therefore. arise. go over this Jordan, you and all this

people, to the land which l am giving to them-the children of Israel.

"Every place that the sole of your foot will tread upon I have given you, as I said to

Moses."

Author

• It is believed that the majority of the book of Joshua was written by Joshua himself
• It is possible that a scribe recorded some of the events of the book of Joshua that actually occurred after his death

Date

• 400-1375 B.C.

Theme

• The central theme of the book of Joshua is "Possessing the Inheritance"
• Victory through Faith

Purpose

• The book of Joshua describes the conquest of the land promised to Abraham, the land of Canaan. 
• Joshua's name means "the Lord saves" or "the Lord is salvation". The Greek translation of the name Joshua is Jesus.

Genesis 15:18-21(NKJV)

On the same day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying: "To your

descendants I have given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river

Euphrates-

the Kenites, the Kenezzites, the Kadmonites.

the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaim,

the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.

Content

• Preparation for Possession: Joshua 1:1-5:15

Joshua 1:11(NKJV)

"Pass through the camp and command the people, saying, 'Prepare provisions Tor

yourselves, for within three days you will cross over this Jordan, to go in to possess the

land which the LORD your God is giving you to possess.

• Circumcision of the Second Generation: Joshua 5:1-1
• The Conquest: Joshua 6:1-12:24

Joshua 10:40(NKJV)

So, Joshua conquered al the land: the mountain country and the South and the

lowland and the wilderness slopes, and all their kings; he left none remaining, but utterly

destroyed all that breathed, as the LORD God of Israel had commanded.

• The Division of the Land: Joshua 13:1-22:34

Joshua 21:43-45(NKJV)

So, the LORD gave to Israel all the land of which He had sworn to give to their fathers,

and they took possession of it and dwelt in it.

The LORD gave them rest all around, according to all that He had sworn to their

fathers. And not a man of all their enemies stood against them; the LORD delivered all

their enemies into their hand.

Not a word failed of any good thing which the LORD had spoken to the house of

Israel. All came to pass.

• The Death of Joshua: Joshua 23:1-24:33

Joshua 23:14(NKJV)

"Behold, this day I am going the way of all the earth. And you know in all your hearts

and in all your souls that not one thing has failed of all the good things which the LORD

your God spoke concerning you. Al have come to pass for you; not one word of them has

failed.

Joshua 24:14, 15(NKJV)

""Now therefore, fear the LORD, Serve Him in sinceriy and in truth, and put away the

gods which your fathers served on the other side of the River and in Egypt. Serve the

LORD!

And if it seems evil to you to serve the LORD, choose for yourselves this day whom

you will serve, whether the gods which your fathers served that were on the other side of

the River, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you dwell. But as for me and my

house, we will serve the LORD.

• Christ in the book of Joshua
• The very name of the book speaks of Jesus our savior as the name of Joshua means, "the Lord saves" or "the Lord is salvation."
• Christ revealed as the Commander of the Army of the Lord

Joshua 5:13-15(NKJV)

"And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted his eyes and looked,

and behold, a Man stood opposite him with His sword drawn in His hand. And Joshua

went to Him and said to Him. "Are You for us or for our adversaries?"

So He said, "No, but as Commander of the army of the LORD I have noW Come.

And Joshua fell on his face to the earth and worshiped, and said to Him, "What does

my Lord say to His servant?"

Then the Commander of the Lord's army said to Joshua, "Take your sandal off your

foot, for the place where you stand is holy." And Joshua did so.

• The Redemptive work of Christ on the Cross

Joshua 2:17, 18(NKJV)

So, the men said to her: "We will be blameless of this oath of yours which you have

made Us swear, unless, when we come into the land, you bind this line of scarlet cord in the window

through which you let us down, and unless you bring your father, your mother, your

brothers, and all your father's household to your own home.

• Christ as a fulfillment of all of God's Promises

Joshua 23:14(NKJV)

Behold, this day l am going the way of all the earth. And you know in all your hearts

and in all your souls that not one thing has failed of all the good things which the LORD

your God spoke Concerning you. All have come to pass for you; not one word of them has

failed.

Return to Deuteronomy

Proceed to the book of Judges 

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the Book of Deuteronomy

Deuteronomy

Deuteronomy 17:18-19(NKJV)

Also, it shall be, when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, that he shall write for

himself a copy of this law in a book, from the one before the priests, the Levies. Shall be with him, and he shall read it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the LORD his God and be careful to observe all the words of this law and these statutes,

Author

• Moses (120 years old)

Date

• About 1400 B.C.
• Just before the death of Moses and Joshua's leading the people into Canaan

Theme

• Remembrance of the Law
• Obedience & Blessings
• Disobedience & Cursing

Purpose

• The title of the book of Deuteronomy comes from the Greek meaning "second law." The Israelites spend forty years wandering in the wilderness. During this time all those who were twenty and above died according to the Word of the Lord in Numbers 14:29 (except for Joshua and Caleb). 
• Moses reminds this new generation of Israelites of their history, what God had done for them, and God's laws. The book of Deuteronomy is a reminder of God's faithfulness and a challenge to possess the promise land.

Content

• Moses Reviews Israel's History: Deuteronomy 1:1-4:43
• Deuteronomy 1:1(NKJV) These are the words which Moses spoke to all Israel on this side of the Jordan in the wilderness, ..
• Moses Reviews the Law: Deuteronomy 4:44-11:32
• Deuteronomy 4:44(NKJV) Now this is the law which Moses set before the children of Israel
• Guidelines for Daily Living: Deuteronomy 12:1-26:19
• Burnt Offerings
• Clean and Unclean Meat
• Cancellation of Debt and Bondservants
• Review of the Feasts
• Priesthood
• Cities of Refuge
• Offerings and Tithes
• Obedience and Disobedience: Deuteronomy 27:1-28:68
• Deuteronomy 28:1(NKJV) "Now it shall come to pass, if you diligently obey the voice of the LORD your God, to observe carefully all His commandments which I command you today, that the LORD your God will set you high above all nations of the earth.
• Deuteronomy 28:15(NKJV) "But it shall come to pass, if you do not obey the voice of the LORD your God, to observe carefully all His commandments and His statutes which I command you today, that all these curses will come upon you and overtake you:
• Renewal of Covenant: Deuteronomy 29:1-30:20
• Deuteronomy 29:1(NKJV) These are the words of the covenant which the LORD Commanded Moses to make with the children of Israel in the land of Moab, besides the covenant which He made with them in Horeb.
• Deuteronomy 30:19(NKJV) "I call heaven and earth as witnesses today against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing; therefore, choose life, that both you and your descendants may live;
• Moses' Blessings and Death: Deuteronomy 31:1-34:12
• Joshua the new Leader: Deuteronomy 31:17
• Deuteronomy 33:1(NKJV) Now this is the blessing with which Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel before his death.
• Deuteronomy 34:5(NKJV) So Moses the servant of the LORD died there in the land of Moab, according to the Word of the LORD.
• Deuteronomy 34:6(NKJV)And He buried him in a valley in the land of Moab., opposite Beth Peor; but no one knows his grave to this day.
• Deuteronomy 34:10(NKJV) But since then there has not arisen in lsrael a prophet like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face,
• Christ in the book of Deuteronomy
• Christ Jesus the Prophet
• Deuteronomy 18:15(NKJV) The LORD Your God will raise up for you a Prophet like me from your midst, from your brethren. Him you shall hear,
• Christ's emphasis on the Word and Obedience
• Jesus' Quotes from the book of Deuteronomy
• Deuteronomy 6:5: Matthew 22:37, Mark 12:30
• Deuteronomy 6:13, 10:20: Matthew 4:10
• Deuteronomy 6:16: Matthew 4:7, Luke 4:12
• Deuteronomy 8:3: Matthew 4:4, Luke 4:4

Proceed to Joshua

Return to the Numbers

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the book of Numbers

Numbers

Numbers 1:2-3 (NKJV)

Take a census of all the congregation of the children of Israel, by their familles, by

their fathers' houses, according to the number of names, every male individually,

From twenty years old and above-all who aro able to go to war in lsrael. You and

Aaron shall number them by their armies.

Author

• Moses

Date

• About 1400 B.C. (shortly before his death)

Theme

• God's guiding presence from Sinai to Trans-Jordan

Purpose

• The book of Numbers tells of the preparation and journey to the promise land.
•  It describes the murmuring, complaining and disobedience of the Israelites that led to forty years of wandering in the wilderness. 
• The Hebrew title for this book is "ln the Wilderness."

Content 

• Instructions for Camping and Marching: Numbers 1:1-10:10
• Numbers 2:2(NKJV) "Everyone of the children of Israel shall camp by his own standard, beside the emblems (flag or banner) of his father's house; they shall camp some distance from the tabernacle of meeting.
• 1 Corinthians 14:40 Let all things be done decently and in order.
• 
  
  
  
  

North Camp	East Camp	South Camp	West Camp
Dan	Judah	Reuben	Ephraim
Asher	Issachar	Simeon	Manasseh
Naphtali	Zebulun	Gad	Benjamin
Total: 157,600	Total: 186,400	Total: 151,450	Total: 108,100

• Sinai to Moab: Numbers 10:11-21:35
• Numbers 10:11-12 (NKJV) Now it came to pass on the twentieth day of the second month, in the second year, that the cloud was taken up from above the tabernacle of the Testimony. And the children of Israel set out from the Wilderness of Sinai on their journeys, then the cloud settled down in the Wilderness of Paran.
• Spies sent out: Numbers 13:1-14:45
• Balaam and Balak: Numbers 22:1-25:18
• Balak hires Balaam to come and curse the Israelites
• Instructions for Conquering and Possessing the Promise Land: Numbers 26:1-36:13
• The appointing of a new leader: Joshua- Numbers 27:12-23
• Christ in the book of Numbers
• Christ the Rock and Provider
• Numbers 20:8(NKJV) Take the rod; you and your brother Aaron gather the congregation together. Speak to the rock before their eyes, and it will yield its water; thus you shall bring water for them out of the rock, and give drink to the congregation and their animals."
• 1 Corinthians 10:4(NKJV) and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them, and that Rock was Christ.
• King Jesus
• Numbers 24:17(NKJV) I see Him, but not now; I behold Him, but not near; A Star shall come out of Jacob; A Scepter shall rise out of Israel, and batter the brow of Moab, and destroy all the sons of tumult.
• Balaam's prophecy concerning the future rule and reign of Jesus

Return to Leviticus

Proceed to Deuteronomy

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the Book of Leviticus

Leviticus

Leviticus 11:44(NKJV)

For I am the LORD your God. You shall therefore consecrate yourselves, and you

Shal be holy; for I am holy. Neither shall you defile yourselves with any creeping thing at

creeps on the earth.

Leviticus 11:45(NKJV)

For I am the LORD Who brings you up out of the land of Egypt, to be your God. You

shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.

• Author
• Moses
• Date written
• About 1400 B.C. (1445 B.C.)
• Theme
• Holiness (A form of the word holy is found 78 times within the book of Leviticus)
• Priesthood
• Purpose
• The book of Leviticus is a handbook for the priests and Levites outlining their duties in worship, and a guidebook of holy living for the Hebrews. The Hebrew meaning of Leviticus is "And He Called." The Greek meaning is "Matters Pertaining to the Levites."
• Content
• Offerings: Leviticus 1:1-7:38
• Leviticus 1:2(NKJV) "Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: When any one of you brings an offering to the LORD, you shall bring your offering of the livestock-of the herd and of the flock.
• Priesthood: Leviticus 8:1-10:20
• Leviticus 8:2(NKJV) Take Aaron and his sons with him, and the garments, the anointing oil, a bull as the sin offering, two rams, and a basket of unleavened bread;
• Guidelines for Holy Living: Leviticus 11:1-15:33
• Leviticus 11:2(NKJV) "Speak to the children of Israel, saying, "These are the animals which you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth:
• Foods, Childbirth, Leprosy, and Bodily Discharges
• The Day of Atonement: Leviticus 16:1-34
• Leviticus 16:2(NKJV) and the LORD said to Moses: "Tell Aaron your brother not to come at just any time into the Holy Place inside the veil, before the mercy seat, which is on the ark, lest he die; for I will appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.
• Leviticus 16:3(NKJV) Thus Aaron shall come into the Holy Place: with the blood of a young bull as a sin offering, and of a ram as a burnt offering.
• Practical Holiness: Leviticus 17:1-22:33
• Eating (do not eat blood)
• Unlawful Sexual Relations
• Punishments for Sin
• The Sabbath, Feasts, and Seasons: Leviticus 23:1-25:55
• Leviticus 23:44(NKJV) So Moses declared to the children of Israel the feasts of the LORD.

	The Three Major Feasts
Feast of Unleavened Bread (Passover)	Celebration of God’s deliverance	March – April
Feasts of Harvest/ Weeks (Pentecost)	50 days after the feast of Unleavened bread, celebrating the early harvest	May – June
Feast of Tabernacles (Booths) Feast of Ingathering	Celebration of the completed harvest, and a remembrance of their dwelling in temporary shelters in the wilderness	September- October

• The Year of Jubilee: Leviticus 25:8-17
• Blessings and Retribution: Leviticus 26:1-27:34
• Leviticus 26:3-4 (NKJV) If you walk in My statutes and keep My commandments, and perform them, then I will give you rain in its season. the land shall yield its produce, and the trees of the field shall yield their fruit. 
• Christ in Leviticus
• Jesus as the Spotless Sacrifice
• 1 Peter 1:19(NKJV) but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot.
• Jesus as our High Priest
• Jesus as our Jubilee

Go Back to Exodus

Proceed to Numbers

Old Testament Survey

Site Map

Overview of the Book of Exodus

Exodus = to exit

Exodus 3:9(NKJV)

"Now therefore. beholod. the crV of the children of Israel has come to Me, and | have

also seen the oppression with which the Egyptians oppress them.

Exodus 3:10(NKJV)

"Come now, therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh that you may bring My people,

the children of Israel, out of Egypt."

• Author
• Moses
•  Date
• About 1400 B.C.
• Moses wrote Exodus during the forty years in the wilderness
• Theme
• Redemption
• Deliverance
• Purpose
• God delivering His people from bondage and developing them as a prosperous possessors of His promises
• Exodus isa continuation of Genesis dealing with the development of a small family of 70 people who migrated to the land of Egypt under Joseph's leadership. The Israelites grew into a large nation of millions. The Hebrews lived in Egypt for 430 years most of them in bondage. Exodus means "to exit" or "out of."
• Content
• Moses God's Called Leader: Exodus 1:1-4:31
• Exodus 3:10 (NKJV) Come now, therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh that you may bring My people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt."
• God calls with a purpose!
• If God calls you to do something, then with His help you can do it!
• The Contest with Pharaoh Exodus 5:1-13:19
• Exodus 5:1(NKJV) Afterward Moses and Aaron went in and told Pharaoh, "Thus says the Lord God of Israel: 'Let My people go, that they may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness."
• From Egypt to Mount Sinai: Exodus 13:20-19:2
• Covenant and Law Exodus 19:3-24:8
• Ten commandments Exodus 20:1-17
• Exodus 19:5(NKJV) "Now therefore, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be a special treasure to Me above all people; for all the earth is Mine.
• Exodus 19:6(NKJV) And you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.' These are the words which you shall speak to the children of Israel. "
• Tabernacle Exodus 24:9-40:38
• Exodus 25:8(NKJV) And let them make Me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them.
• Christ in Exodus
• Moses is a type of Christ as "The Deliverer"
• Aaron is a type of Christ as "The High Priest"
• The Passover Lamb
• I AM WHO I AM 
• The Tabernacle as Christ Dwelling with His people

Proceed to Leviticus

Go back to Genesis

Old Testament Survey

Site Map